The pollution arising from plastic refuse at sea is not only a question of the plastic itself but also of the bacteria and chemicals that cover the plastic, according to researchers from the Institute for Agriculture and Fisheries Research (ILVO) in Ostend, Belgium. On samples of plastic waste, ILVO has found over 250 kinds of chemicals and a specific community of bacteria, some of which can cause disease. Animals such as shrimp and sprat swallow microscopic pieces of plastic and are thus exposed to toxic substances and bacteria. The entry of these chemicals and the resulting diseases could effect the entire marine food chain.
Peter Vandenabeele is senior full professor at the Inflammation Research Center (IRC), a VIB department at the Ghent University. He recently published in Nature an original research paper on the regulation of cell survival in vivo (Takahashi et al., 2014). RIPK1 (receptor interacting protein kinase 1) plays an important role both in the survival as well as in the death of epithelial cells. Full knockout mice for the Ripk1 gene are not viable. The team of Vandenabeele managed to make a viable conditional mouse model that lacks Ripk1 only in the intestinal epithelial cells. They also obtained in collaboration with people from GSK (Pennsylvania) a mouse model containing a mutant form of RIPK1 that lacks the kinase activity. Thanks to these genetic mouse models, mechanisms that regulate cell survival and cell death could be explored. Peter Vandenabeele and his team found that the platform function of RIPK lacking the kinase activity is associated with cell survival, while the kinase activity is associated with induction of cell death. Peter Vandenabeele also published a review paper in Nature about cell death pathways and inflammation in early 2015 (Pasparakis and Vandenabeele, 2015).
The pollution arising from plastic refuse at sea is not only a question of the plastic itself but also of the bacteria and chemicals that cover the plastic, according to researchers from the Institute for Agriculture and Fisheries Research (ILVO) in Ostend, Belgium. On samples of plastic waste, ILVO has found over 250 kinds of chemicals and a specific community of bacteria, some of which can cause disease. Animals such as shrimp and sprat swallow microscopic pieces of plastic and are thus exposed to toxic substances and bacteria. The entry of these chemicals and the resulting diseases could effect the entire marine food chain.
Peter Vandenabeele is senior full professor at the Inflammation Research Center (IRC), a VIB department at the Ghent University. He recently published in Nature an original research paper on the regulation of cell survival in vivo (Takahashi et al., 2014). RIPK1 (receptor interacting protein kinase 1) plays an important role both in the survival as well as in the death of epithelial cells. Full knockout mice for the Ripk1 gene are not viable. The team of Vandenabeele managed to make a viable conditional mouse model that lacks Ripk1 only in the intestinal epithelial cells. They also obtained in collaboration with people from GSK (Pennsylvania) a mouse model containing a mutant form of RIPK1 that lacks the kinase activity. Thanks to these genetic mouse models, mechanisms that regulate cell survival and cell death could be explored. Peter Vandenabeele and his team found that the platform function of RIPK lacking the kinase activity is associated with cell survival, while the kinase activity is associated with induction of cell death. Peter Vandenabeele also published a review paper in Nature about cell death pathways and inflammation in early 2015 (Pasparakis and Vandenabeele, 2015).